Dental World®		July/August • 2001
	PIERRE FAUCHARD ACADEMY

	Table of Contents - July-August, 2001
	Presidents Message		Foundation News
	Calendar		Congressman Charles Norwood, DDS
	Interim Board Meeting		Section News- International
	Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761)		Section News USA
	PFA Meeting Schedule — KC, MO		Section News USA continued
	Long-Range Planning Seminar		Section News USA continued
	PFA Gold Medal Award
	President's Award		go to Page 1 — Page 2 —

	Interim Board Meeting Atlanta Westin Airport Hotel, 22 March 2001
	President M. David Campbell called the meeting to order as the sun lifted over the magnolia trees outside. Vice President Gordan Stine gave the Invocation. Board Meeting President Campbell gave his report on attending the FDI Meeting in Paris, the PFA functions in Brussels, and the Maryland PFA Meeting. He described his plans to visit the Connecticut Section in April, then to Chile, the Hall of Fame presentation in Paris this June, and then on to Italy to discuss their Section’s activities. Secretary/Treasurer Richard Kozal related his efforts with Mark Stanley in completing the Membership Directory on our Web site and updating the membership lists. For privacy reasons, the members’ addresses are not listed on the Web site but may be obtained by calling the Central Office. The lockbox for receiving and depositing the membership dues has been very successful, particularly in freeing up the staff to keep the lists, the incoming mail, and the Web site up to the minute accurate. The Central Office is looking into providing CE courses through the PFA Web site for the membership. Budget and Finance Chair Scott Welch noted the temporary budgetary shortfall at this point. The cause, as pointed out by Secretary/Treasurer Richard Kozal, was from paying the two expensive Chicago meetings and the Leadership Conference. Dues are now coming in and will clear that up. An internal audit is conducted quarterly that will reflect this fluid situation. Foundation Report Foundation Executive Director Shig Ryan Kishi gave the Foundation’s Report, which is presented under Foundation News in this issue. Constitution and ByLaws Trustee William Winspear opened discussion on the structuring of the Awards system, and this was motioned to the Awards Committee for determination. Executive Committee The Committee held discussion on various topics. No Board action was required. Membership Committee Trustee Perpich suggested a membership retention plan. At that time, almost 1500 members were in arrears for their 2001 dues. Dues were still coming in, and that figure will be reduced significantly. Vice President Gordan Stine presented a State by State membership total and recommended a goal of percentile growth from those figures. Nominating Committee For the annual election at the October Meeting, the Committee recommended the following: • Dr. Scott M. Welch for President (automatically from President-elect) • Dr. Gordan Stine for President-elect • Dr. Robert E. Friedman for Vice President • Dr. Campbell accedes to the office of Immediate Past President Publicity Chair Robert Friedman noted that service distinguishes PFA from the other honor organizations in the profession. And we have done an excellent job in that role, but we need to get more publicity to the world. He suggested that each Section Chair appoint a Section Editor to cover the local activities of their Section and distribute this to the local professional journals. Publications Chair Kevin Roach led the discussion on language use in our publications, particularly in deleting ethnicity, nationality, and gender. A joint Academy/Foundation pamphlet was suggested to promote recruitment. Dr. Kishi suggested funding from the Foundation for this from those funds allocated for contingencies. Thought was given to translate the pamphlet into French, Spanish, and Japanese as well. Editor Brophy gave a report on the success of the FDI Congress in making contacts and getting our name known.		Hall of Fame Chair Ray Klein and President Campbell went to Baltimore to review the US venue of the Wall of Fame at the National Museum of Dentistry. Discussion ensued about the poor sight visibility of the location. The Museum offered a place on the first floor for a $100,000 contribution, or another location for $250,000. Dr. Friedman would be looking into space at the Smithsonian. Dr. George Hollenbeck will be (has been) inducted into the Hall of Fame on 21 April in Anaheim, Calif, and the plaque will be presented to Dean Harold Slavkin of USC School of Dentistry. Trustee Pierre Marois is working out the details for the June Meeting in Paris. Induction of Drs. George Leatherman and Terrance Ward were discussed with the hope of inducting Dr. Leatherman during their trip to London after Paris. Leadership Conference The next Leadership Conference is scheduled for 2003. Drs. Stine and Halik will be considering a Chairperson for that conference. Mentorship Chair Gary Lowder suggested having the Trustees survey their areas and strengthen or implement the Mentor Program in their Sections. Section Chair Caucus The President has established a specific meeting with the Section Chairs attending the ADA Meeting in Kansas City this Fall. International Committee No report Section Chair Appointments • Professor Branislav Dastevski for the Republic of Macedonia • Dr. William Atkinson for South Carolina • Dr. Chris Baboulas for Illinois • Dr. Anita Elliot for Arizona • Dr. George Kann for Hawaii • Dr. Greg Romriell for Idaho • Dr. Bonnie Ferrel for Colorado • Dr. William Goodman for Oklahoma Final Budget Report The first quarter budget will be reviewed in July during the Budget and Finance Committee Meeting. Line item discussion took place suggesting various changes. Trustees Reports Trustee Eiichi Katagiri reported that the 23rd annual meeting of the Japanese Section will be held on 8 September 2001 in Nigata. In August, he will initiate the selection process for the Michinosuke Nakayama Memorial Award. New Section officers will be elected in September. The Korean Section Meeting is scheduled for 26 May 2001. Trustee Eiichi Katagiri (center) gives his report New Business This Interim Board Meeting was the first held not in conjunction with a large dental meeting. The members felt that it was a good idea to hold it during a dental meeting so the officers could network with other dental leaders and it might attract more Section Chairs to attend. President Campbell noted that the Kansas City CE course will be for seven units of credit. Trustee Eiichi Katagiri (center) gives his report Awards Committee Chair James Englander submitted his committee’s report for approval for the following nominees: • PFA Gold Medal Award—Dr. Richard G. Shaffer • Elmer Best Memorial Award—Dr. Jacques Monnot • President’s Award—Dr. John Molinari • Dental Trade and Industry Award—Jeneric/Pentron Inc. (Dr. Gordon Seth Cohen)

	Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761) by H. Berton McCauley, DDS
	This is an excerpt from an address delivered at the Maryland PFA Meeting on 13 March 2001 by Dr. H. Berton McCauley, past President of the American Academy of the History of Dentistry, and retired Director of Dental Care for the Baltimore City Health Department. (The excerpt is printed with permission granted to President Campbell.) As surely all Fellows of the Pierre Fauchard Academy are aware, this organization bears the name of the one surgeon whose supreme contribution to the literature of dentistry launched the profession into the modern era and earned him the undying distinction of “Father of Dentistry” as we know it. Much as his work is valued, little is known of the man. Historians agree he was humbly born in 1678 in Brittany, that province in the northwest of France that juts out into the Atlantic Ocean. In 1693, at the age of fifteen, he joined the French Royal Navy and became an able assistant and student of a Major Surgeon, Alexander Poteleret. In this duty Pierre had his attention directed to the considerable dental problems of the sailors, particularly affected by scurvy. Three years later, with his interest focused on dentistry and the problems faced in its practice, he left the Navy to study the knowledge inherited from those who preceded him in the theory of dental care. He began to hone his skills through experience. Between 1696 and 1718, he is known to have engaged in the practice of dentistry in a number of communities in western France, notably Rennes, Nantes, the university town of Angers, and Tours. In his studies, he discovered there was no compendium of information in the literature to guide a dental practitioner. Although self-educated and devoid of any formal training, Fauchard successfully subjected himself to examination for recognition as an “expert pour led dents.” As required by the Royal Edict of 1699. He earned a reputation for uncommon ability and dedication as a “chirurgien dentiste”—an appellation applied to a dentist in France even in modern times. Around 1718 Pierre settled in Paris where he continued to practice dentistry for the rest of his life. In 1729 he married into a prominent family of actors. (His son later left dentistry for acting.) By 1734 Pierre Fauchard had become a seigneur and lord of the castle and domain of Grand Mesnil. This was at the pinnacle of his career. He was 56 years old, six years after he first published his famed text, Chirurgien Dentiste. In 1740, Pierre’s partner in his dental practice, Pierre Nicolas Gaulard, ended his career on the Place de Greve gallows for theft. Fauchard weathered the embarrassment handily. His celebrated contribution to dental literature had been in print for 12 years, translated into German for seven years, and a new, enlarged edition was in production. The author was the most revered and respected representative of the dental arts in a country acknowledged to be in the forefront of medical and surgical development. Other surgeons frequently consulted him. To be expected, the envy of lesser colleagues was evoked. Fauchard did not escape the penalty of leadership. There were efforts to belittle him and to destroy his reputation. Some tried to block the publication of his text. Pierre’s candor and revelation of dental techniques rankled the charlatans who were publicly exposed for what they were. A rumor that Pierre was retiring from practice evoked this response from him, “The rumor having been falsely set about that I am abandoning the profession, which rumor could not have been invented otherwise than by those individuals who sacrificing their honor to interest, would attract to themselves the persons who honor this author with their confidence, I therefore find it necessary to give warning that I still continue the practice of my art in Paris, in the Rue de la Comedie Francaise, together with my brother-in-law and sole student, M. Duchemin.” Aware of the inadequacy in training dentists, Fauchard urged the examining board, established by the Royal Edict of 1699, to include in their membership at least one “skillful and experienced dentist.” His suggestion was rejected. Le Chirurgien Dentiste ou Traitedes Dents is the first scientific contribution to the literature of dentistry, and the first dental textbook. First appearing in 1728, five years after completing his first manuscript, it was held from publication until the author had it reviewed by recognized authorities in medicine and surgery. One of these experts, a close friend, Jean Claude Devaux, was a leading contributor to the medical literature of the time.		This epic achievement was hailed for its merit by prominent professional contemporaries—physicians, surgeons, and anatomists—who, like Fauchard, perceived the importance of proper treatment of oral ills to restore and maintain a healthy well-being. Notable among them were Etienne Bourdet, Claude Mouton, and Robert Bunon who soon followed Fauchard with their own dental treatises. Fauchard had precipitated a long delayed interest in the art of dental care, which resulted in significant additions to dental literature and advanced the art as a profession. In his Chirurgien Dentiste, Pierre synthesized all that was known about dentistry in Europe—from Hippocrates to his time—which would have included De Chirurgia by the first important oral surgeon, Cordovan Albucasis (10th Century), and Dix Livres de la Chirurgie by the “Father of Modern Surgery” Ambroise Pare (16th Century) whose pioneering attention to oral surgical procedures might earn him the title “Foster Father of Dental Surgery.” Fauchard’s first edition appeared in two volumes. It was universally recognized as the vehicle of enlightened thought and technology in dentistry. In 1733 the German translation appeared in Berlin. In 1746 the second French edition was published, revised and enlarged to 919 pages with 41 illustrations. In 1786, a third edition was published, twenty-five years after the author’s death. His text was the foundation for the profession of dentistry for a century. In 1946 dental historian Lilian Lindsay translated it into English. Pierre Fauchard covered the entire field of the profession for his day. But this foundation eventually evolved into today’s practice. He included anatomy, the irregularities of teeth, moving misaligned teeth in younger patients was easier than older ones, removing carious tissue and filling the cavities with tin or lead, prosthetic replacement of missing teeth with devices of carved ivory or bone, alleviation of periodontal disease through tartar removal and debris from the gingival sulcus. He rejected the “worm theory” of his day. He noted that oil of cloves and cinnamon relieved dental pain while sugar was detrimental to teeth and gums. He provided formulas for home mouth washes, but advocated brushing every morning with freshly voided urine. In the area of surgery, he cited numerous case histories for the treatment of pathological conditions such as abscesses, cysts, and tumors. He advocated retaining deciduous teeth until normally exfoliated, though he did not know where the roots went. He described the enamel fixed to the dentin by “innumerable small filaments.” He replanted evulsed teeth. He transplanted them from person to person. He designed that an extraction patient should be seated in a steady, firm armchair, and not flat on the floor, which was the practice of the day. His innovation of treatment led to better suited instruments and a vastly improved drill. Prosthetic dentistry received much attention. Appliances, fixed and removable, partial and complete were carefully described and illustrated. Though carved ivory dentures were known from the 15th Century, Fauchard was the first to demonstrate complete dentures, stabilized by springs, and aesthetic for the patient. Fauchard’s heroic attention to treating oral ills turned a craft into a profession separating it from medicine and surgery. He introduced the term “dentist” into the literature. He had concern for the patients in their proper treatment. And he believed that dental practice should be limited to trained surgeons. Pierre Fauchard died in his home in the Rue des Cordeliers on 21 March 1761 at 83 years of age. His burial record listed him as “Maitre Chirurgien Dentiste”—the patriarch of his profession. (This material was extracted from biographies on Pierre Fauchard by Bernhard Wolf Weinberger (1948), Malvin E. Ring (1985), Walter Hoffman-Axthelm (1981), and Milton B. Asbell (1988).-

	Long-range Planning Seminar
	International Trustees Michael Perpich of Minnesota and Gary Lowder of Utah along with California Northern Section Chair Daniel Castagna presented a day-long study on 23 March in Atlanta suggesting preparation and implementation of ideas for the future of the Academy. The entire Board was in attendance with Foundation Executive Director Shig Ryan Kishi and Editor James Brophy. The major topics covered were (1) Intelligence, (2) Courage, (3) Focus (value), and (4) Adaptability. Intelligence is understanding our mission and how to apply it to our areas. Then gather the facts needed to plan for tomorrow. Assess our potential. Courage is the energy and commitment to carry out our program over the long haul and to inspire others in helping us. Focus is concentrating on what we want to achieve as a group. And Adaptability is to be able to make course corrections as problems arise. Setting goals helps to achieve success and understand our status. Vice President Gordan Stine had done some preliminary Section membership statistics that were distributed. If PFA set a 5% membership goal, we would break even. So we need to assess at our potential and study such Section problems as lapsation, retention, and recruitment. A suggestion that came from this was to centralize membership invitations to potential members from our headquarters. Another was for President Campbell to send out a letter to Section Chairs asking for a membership growth of 5% with the Regional Trustees following up with phone calls. L-R, Long-range Planning Committee Trustee Gary Lowder, Daniel Castagna, Trustee Michael Perpich Trustee Mike Perpich setting membership goals		Budgetary constraints were considered and discussed. Foreign exchange rates, recessions in non-U.S. countries, and individual area financial stress were brought up. Programs such as mentoring, continuing education, and local projects that attract membership were reviewed. Each Section is encouraged to adopt a program to unite their members in working together. Foundation grants are geared to help promote this. A timetable of three years for every Section to have an active mentorship program at their dental schools and five years for all Sections to have a functioning mentor program was suggested. Publicity was gone over in depth. Trustee Robert Friedman (PFA Publicity Chair) discussed urging every Section to develop their own newsletter. Editor Brophy is developing a newsletter manual for their use. A timetable was established for each Section to get an article in their local journals within the year, two articles a year within three years, and two articles a year with a Section Editor office appointed in five years. Continuing Education was a topic for inquiry with suggestions of having one of the two Board Meetings be a CE course, holding a traveling CE course every quarter in a different location, to promoting on-line CERP. We need to search for a niche to fill. A local projects timetable was suggested that in one year all Section Chairs receive and review the grant proposal applications; three years actually submit a grant; and in five years receive a grant for their project. The definition for the PFA is honor, ethics, leadership, and professionalism with our target audiences of the (1) profession, (2) our patients, and (3) the public. More discussion ensued about the PFA being viewed as being an exclusive American organization. While 75% or so of the membership is from the United States, we need to appeal to more countries for international growth. The many suggestions and proposed goals were submitted to the Executive Committee for consideration and implementation. Trustee Gary Lowder leading the discussion about our future

	Table of Contents - July-August, 2001
	Presidents Message		Foundation News
	Calendar		Congressman Charles Norwood, DDS
	Interim Board Meeting		Section News- International
	Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761)		Section News USA
	PFA Meeting Schedule — KC, MO		Section News USA continued
	Long-Range Planning Seminar		Section News USA continued
	PFA Gold Medal Award
	President's Award		go to Page 1 — Page 2 —

	PFA Gold Medal Award
	Dr. Richard G. Shaffer		Rear Admiral Richard Shaffer retired from the Navy in 1989 having earned the Distinguished Service Medal, three Legions of Merit, the Meritorious Service Medal, the Navy Commendation Medal and two Presidential Commendations. He was awarded Fellowships in ICD, ACD, and AGD. Case Western Reserve University School of Dentistry presented him their 1998 Alumnus of the Year Award. Upon his retirement from the Navy, Dr. Shaffer accepted the position as Secretary General of ICD and Registrar for the U.S. Section. During his tenure, ICD reached an international membership growth of 8500 members in 90 countries. He retired from ICD in 1999 but still remains Chairman of the Audiovisual Committee to produce the “Outstanding Leaders in Dentistry” series, and Chairman of the Convocation Committee. Dr. Shaffer serves on the Board of Visitors of the National Museum of Dentistry and is Chairman of their Development Committee. He serves as Trustee of the McLean Bible Church in Virginia, is consultant to the Navy Dental School in Bethesda, and is a Red Cross volunteer. He and Barbara, his wife of 44 years, have three sons and nine grandchildren. But Dr. Shaffer’s resume hardly expresses the personal warmth of this professional man. When visiting with him at major dental meetings, you feel within heartbeats that he is a friend. Always optimistic and uplifting, you come away feeling better for just having exchanged a few words. For a good purpose, Admiral Shaffer knew how to cut the red tape. What the resume fails to express is what a wonderful person Richard Shaffer is. And that, with his outstanding professional credentials, makes him an excellent choice for the PFA Gold Medal. The many suggestions and proposed goals were submitted to the Executive Committee for consideration and implementation.
	Dr. Richard G. Shaffer has been selected by the Academy Board to receive the PFA Gold Medal in Kansas City on 13 October at our Awards Banquet. Dr. Shaffer, a native of Lakewood, Ohio, graduated from Wesleyan University in 1956, Case Western Reserve School of Dentistry in 1960, and earned his Master’s degree from George Washington University in 1978. He entered the U.S. Navy as an intern in 1960, completing a General Dentistry residency at the Naval Dental School in Bethesda, Maryland, in 1970. He became Dean of that school in 1975. He then served at the Great Lakes Naval Center as Commanding Officer for the Regional Dental Center. In 1982 he was promoted to Commodore. Dr. Shaffer then served as Commanding Officer for Norfolk Naval Regional Dental Center with additional duties as the U.S. Atlantic Fleet Dental Officer. In 1983 Dr. Shaffer became the first Vice Commander of the Naval Medical Command responsible for U.S.Navy medicine worldwide. He received his second star in 1984 to become the first dental officer to hold a major medical command at the National Capitol Region covering five states and the President’s Hospital in Bethesda. That year he was appointed Chief of the Navy Dental Corps, and Assistant Chief of the Bureau Surgery for Dentistry.

	President’s Award
	Dr. John A. Molinari		Chairman of the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry. He has published more than 200 articles, text chapters, and abstracts in the areas of microbiology and immunology, and he is co-author of the textbook Practical Infection Control in Dentistry. Dr. Molinari has lectured internationally on topics dealing with diseases and asepsis. Dr. Molinari is a consultant to the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and a member on the Michigan Dental Association Special Committee on Health Hazard Resources. He served as Project Coordinator for the governmental Health Resources and Service Administration Task Force on AIDS and Dental Education. He serves on the Michigan Governor’s Risk Reduction and AIDS Policy Commission. Dr. Molinari currently serves as editor for the Infection Control Section for the Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. He is also a member of the Editorial Board for the ADA Journal. Dr. Molinari is an honorary member of the Michigan Dental Association and ICD.
	Dr. John A. Molinari has been selected by PFA President Malcolm David Campbell to receive the President’s Award at the PFA Awards Luncheon on 13 October 2001 at the Kansas City Meeting. Dr. Molinari will also be the luncheon speaker. President Campbell selected Dr. Molinari because of his excellence in academics and research. John Molinari received his B.A. degree from St. Vincent College and his Ph.D. in microbiology from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dentistry. He is currently Professor and